서 론
연구의 필요성
연구 방법
연구 설계
연구 대상
연구 도구
● 의사소통 능력 측정도구
● 리더십 측정도구
의사소통 능력과 리더십 향상을 위한 교과외 코칭프로그램 개발
자료 수집 방법
● 연구보조원 훈련
● 사전조사
● 실험처치
● 사후 및 추후조사
자료 분석 방법
<Table 1>
<Table 2>
Variables | Categories | Exp.*(n=29) | Cont.**(n=27) |
|
p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n(%) or Mean±SD | n(%) or Mean±SD | ||||
Gender | Female | 27(93.1) | 27(100.0) | .492‡ | |
Male | 2(6.9) | 0(0.0) | |||
Academic grade | 2nd | 13(44.8) | 10(37.0) | .35 | .554*** |
3rd | 16(55.2) | 17(63.0) | |||
Religion | Buddhist | 8(27.6) | 7(25.9) | .668‡ | |
Protestant | 3(10.3) | 6(22.2) | |||
Catholic | 2(6.9) | 1(3.7) | |||
None | 16(55.2) | 15(48.1) | |||
Economic status | Over middle | 25(86.2) | 24(88.9) | 1.000‡ | |
Low | 4(13.8) | 3(11.1) | |||
Coaching experience | Yes | 2(6.9) | 1(3.7) | 1.000‡ | |
No | 27(93.1) | 28(96.3) | |||
Participation experience of communication program |
Yes | 1(3.4) | 3(11.1) | .343‡ | |
No | 28(96.6) | 24(88.9) | |||
Participation experience of leadership program |
Yes | 5(17.2) | 1(3.7) | .195‡ | |
No | 24(82.8) | 26(96.3) | |||
Academic achievement | Upper | 2(6.9) | 3(11.1) | .918‡ | |
Middle | 20(69.0) | 18(66.7) | |||
Low | 7(24.1) | 6(22.2) | |||
Last semester grades | ≥90 | 6(20.7) | 1(3.7) | .334‡ | |
85~89 | 12(41.4) | 13(48.1) | |||
80~84 | 7(24.1) | 9(29.6)) | |||
<80 | 4(13.8) | 5(18.5) | |||
The personal reasons for choosing nursing |
Advice | 14(48.3) | 9(33.3) | .233‡ | |
Scholastic performance | 0(0) | 4(14.8) | |||
Personal interest | 9(31.0) | 10(37.0) | |||
Yearning | 5(17.2) | 3(11.1) | |||
Others | 1(3.4) | 1(3.7) | |||
The social reasons for choosing nursing |
Employment | 13(44.8) | 13(48.1) | 1.000‡ | |
Job security | 14(48.3) | 13(44.4) | |||
Service | 1(3.4) | 1(3.7) | |||
Others | 1(3.4) | 1(3.7) | |||
Communication ability | Communication skill score | 3.39±0.30 | 3.46±0.28 | -0.89 | .378 |
Nursing outcomes communication score |
3.50±0.46 | 3.52±0.55 | -0.14 | .892 | |
Communication observations score using standard patient |
6.21±1.40 | 5.70±0.82 | 1.63 | .110 | |
Leadership | Leadership score | 3.44±0.27 | 3.50±0.28 | 301.00 | .137‡ |
Nursing outcomes leadership score |
3.05±0.41 | 3.22±0.38 | -1.60 | .115‡ | |
Score in number of leadership activities using portfolio |
1.00±1.41 | 1.00±1.18 | .000 | 1.00 |
연구 결과
일반적 특성과 종속변수의 동질성 검증
<Table 3>
Variables | Group | Pre-test | Pre-test | t | p | Difference | t | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | ||||||
Communication skill score | Exp.*(n=29) | 3.39±0.30 | 3.66±0.29 | 4.64 | <.001 | 0.27±0.31 | 3.63 | .001 |
Cont.**(n=27) | 3.46±0.28 | 3.48±0.28 | 0.44 | .667 | 0.02±0.19 | |||
Collection data | Exp.(n=29) | 3.58±0.27 | 3.88±0.42 | 3.84 | .001 | 0.31±0.43 | 1.28 | .207 |
Cont.(n=27) | 3.50±0.42 | 3.68±0.35 | 2.42 | .023 | 0.17±0.36 | |||
Listening courteously | Exp.(n=29) | 3.40±0.33 | 3.59±0.39 | 3.61 | .014 | 0.18±0.38 | 2.46 | .017 |
Cont.(n=27) | 3.5±0.39 | 3.48±0.43 | 0.95 | .350 | -0.07±0.40 | |||
Stereotypical thinking coping | Exp.(n=29) | 3.83±0.43 | 3.87±0.48 | 0.47 | .641 | 0.04±0.45 | 1.56 | .124 |
Cont.(n=27) | 3.91±0.51 | 3.74±0.55 | 1.61 | .120 | -0.17±0.55 | |||
Creative communication | Exp.(n=29) | 3.23±0.31 | 3.42±0.36 | 2.93 | .007 | 0.19±0.34 | 2.43 | .019 |
Cont.(n=27) | 3.30±0.41 | 3.25±0.35 | 0.65 | .521 | -0.05±0.38 | |||
Expose self | Exp.(n=29) | 3.24±0.57 | 3.55±0.42 | 3.09 | .005 | 0.31±0.54 | 2.65 | .011 |
Cont.(n=27) | 3.37±0.40 | 3.37±0.47 | 0.08 | .934 | -0.01±0.33 | |||
Leading communication | Exp.(n=29) | 3.00±0.41 | 3.45±0.52 | 4.69 | <.001 | 0.45±0.51 | 3.69 | .001 |
Cont.(n=27) | 3.19±0.58 | 3.15±0.45 | 0.41 | .682 | -0.04±0.46 | |||
Understand the perspective of others |
Exp.(n=29) | 3.23±0.54 | 3.87±0.45 | 6.01 | <.001 | 0.64±0.57 | 4.12 | <.001 |
Cont.(n=27) | 3.41±0.51 | 3.49±0.47 | 0.96 | .345 | 0.08±0.43 | |||
Communication score as nursing outcome |
Exp.(n=29) | 3.50±0.46 | 3.89±0.43 | 4.91 | <.001 | 0.39±0.43 | 3.02 | .004 |
Cont.(n=27) | 3.52±0.55 | 3.53±0.51 | 0.09 | .932 | 0.01±0.56 | |||
Communicate observations score using standardized patient |
Exp.(n=29) | 6.21±1.40 | 10.41±2.23 | 12.32 | <.001 | 4.21±1.84 | 5.20 | <.001 |
Cont.(n=27) | 5.70±0.82 | 7.67±1.57 | 7.43 | <.001 | 1.96±1.37 |
교과외 코칭프로그램의 효과
교과외 코칭프로그램의 지속효과
<Table 4>
Variables | Group | Pre-test | Pre-test |
Z or paired t |
p | Difference | U or t | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | ||||||
Leadership score | Exp.*(n=29) | 3.44±0.27 | 3.87±0.32 | -4.36 | <.001 | 0.43±0.32 | 206.50 | .002 |
Cont.**(n=27) | 3.50±0.28 | 3.66±0.29 | -2.76 | .006 | 0.16±0.27 | |||
Ability to achieve goals | Exp.(n=29) | 3.18±0.38 | 3.67±0.45 | -4.40 | <.001 | 0.49±0.34 | 229.50 | .008 |
Cont.(n=27) | 3.27±0.52 | 3.50±0.45 | -2.29 | .022 | 0.22±0.45 | |||
Creative ability | Exp.(n=29) | 3.85±0.44 | 4.06±0.33 | -2.28 | .022 | 0.21±0.47 | 347.00 | .460 |
Cont.(n=27) | 3.78±0.35 | 3.88±0.36 | -1.55 | .121 | 0.10±0.34 | |||
Charisma | Exp.(n=29) | 3.03±0.47 | 3.73±0.61 | -4.51 | <.001 | 0.70±0.73 | 211.50 | .003 |
Cont.(n=27) | 3.13±0.34 | 3.41±0.47 | -3.62 | <.001 | 0.28±0.34 | |||
Interpersonal ability | Exp.(n=29) | 3.60±0.28 | 3.97±0.35 | -4.18 | <.001 | 0.36±0.36 | 211.00 | .003 |
Cont.(n=27) | 3.66±0.27 | 3.79±0.33 | -1.62 | .105 | 0.12±0.33 | |||
Sense of purpose | Exp.(n=29) | 3.51±0.50 | 3.92±0.45 | -3.47 | .001 | 0.41±0.48 | 219.50 | .005 |
Cont.(n=27) | 3.64±0.57 | 3.74±0.51 | -0.89 | .371 | 0.10±0.49 | |||
Nursing outcomes leadership score |
Exp.(n=29) | 3.05±0.41 | 3.48±0.52 | 5.00 | <.001 | 0.43±0.46 | -2.86 | .006 |
Cont.(n=27) | 3.22±0.38 | 3.28±0.43 | .711 | .483 | 0.06±0.45 | |||
Number of leadership activities using portfolio |
Exp.(n=29) | 1.00±1.41 | 1.45±1.62 | 1.21 | .236 | 0.45±1.99 | 1.12 | .269 |
Cont.(n=27) | 1.00±1.18 | 1.00±1.21 | .00 | 1.000 | 0.00±0.78 | |||
Executive activities in the group/student's committee |
Exp.(n=29) | 0.14±0.35 | 0.24±0.51 | 1.36 | .184 | 0.10±0.41 | 1.11 | .271 |
Cont.(n=27) | 0.11±0.32 | 0.11±0.32 | .00 | 1.000 | 0.00±0.28 | |||
Group leader/clerk in the activities of the group |
Exp.(n=29) | 0.11±0.31 | 0.21±0.49 | 1.00 | .326 | 0.10±0.56 | .10 | .263 |
Cont.(n=27) | 0.11±0.42 | 0.07±0.27 | -.57 | .574 | -0.00±0.34 | |||
Presentation in class | Exp.(n=29) | 0.76±1.06 | 1.00±1.17 | .82 | .416 | 0.24±1.57 | .05 | .504 |
Cont.(n=27) | 0.78±1.05 | 0.78±1.01 | .00 | 1.000 | 0.00±1.04 |
<Table 5>
Variable | Group | Pre-test |
Post-test (after 8weeks) |
Follow-up (after 16weeks) |
Factor | F | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | |||||
Communication skill score |
Exp.*(n=29) | 3.39±0.30 | 3.66±0.29 | 3.66±0.31 | Group | 2.92 | .093 |
Time | 8.23 | .001 | |||||
Cont.**(n=27) | 3.46±0.28 | 3.48±0.28 | 3.45±0.26 | Group*Time | 6.98 | .002 | |
Leadership score | Exp.(n=29) | 3.44±0.27 | 3.87±0.32 | 3.84±0.33 | Group | 3.69 | .060 |
Time | 39.62 | <.001 | |||||
Cont.(n=27) | 3.50±0.28 | 3.66±0.29 | 3.61±0.23 | Group*Time | 10.21 | <.001 |