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Research and publication ethics

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Theses contributed to this journal shall be prepared while observing the following ethics regulations that are based on the International Standards on Publication Ethics. For the policies on the research and publication ethics not stated in this instructions, International standards for editors and authors can be applied from following organizations: Committee of Publication Ethics (http://publicationethics.org/international-standards-editors-and-authors); Council of Science Editors (CSE, http://www.councilscienceeditors.org); International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE, http://www.icmje.org); and Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors (KAMJE, http:www.kamje.or.kr).

1. Informed consent and the approval of the institutional review board

If research is conducted on humans, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, the theses must explain the purposes of the research and the mental and/or bodily harms which may take place to the patients or guardians who participate in research and clarify that a written consent is given for the participation. All studies involving human subjects or human data must be reviewed and approved by a responsible research ethics board or institutional review board (IRB). In case of research involving literature review, meta‐analyses, systematic reviews, and secondary data analysis, the editorial board will decide whether the ethics committee approval are needed or not. If needed, the editorial committee can request the submission of written consents and approval letters of ethics committee.

2. Institutional animal care and use committee

If researched is conducted on animals, in principle, the theses shall describe such actions that were taken to reduce the troubles and inconveniences of laboratory animals and shall clarify that experiment processes have not violated regulations of institutional review board (IRB) and/or the NIH Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. If needed, the editing committee can request the submission of written consents and approval letters of ethics committee. Editors use the COPE Flowcharts for following COPE's code of Conduct and implementing its advice when faced with cases of suspected misconduct.

3. Authorship

1) The Corresponding Author must submit a completed Author Consent Form to the editorial office of the JKASNE with manuscripts. All authors must sign the Author Consent Form. According to the International Committee on Medical Journal Editor (ICMJE), an author is defined as one who has made substantial contributions to the conception and development of a manuscript.

2) Adhere to the ICMJE guidelines (http://www.icmje.org) which state that “authorship credit should be based on all of the following: 1) substantial contributions to conception and design of the study, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; 2) drafting the article or advising it critically for important intellectual content; 3) final approval of the version to be published; and 4) agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved”. All other contributors should be listed as acknowledgments.

4. Falsification and plagiarism

The journal shall not carry such theses as have been involved in the following unfair practices:

1) Forgery: recording or reporting materials or research outputs which have been falsified

Alteration: manipulating research materials, equipment or processes and/or changing or omitting materials or research outputs, so as to render research records untrue

Plagiarism: appropriating others’ ideas, processes, outputs or records in an unauthorized manner

5. Originality and duplicate publication

Only original theses can be contributed to and/or carried out by the journal.

1) Such manuscripts as those that have been carried by or are being contributed to other academic journals cannot be contributed to this journal and vice versa.

2) For the journal to carry any duplicated theses is not allowed regardless of whether part or all of them have been published, printed, recorded and/or registered in an academic journal in other languages, electronically or otherwise.

3) The author can have his/her manuscripts which have been carried in this academic journal to be duplicated in other languages, only after the editing (or, publishing) committee chiefs of both academic journals approve it.

4) Whether or not a duplicated thesis is carried shall be decided by the editing committee, which is to review the contents of manuscripts.

6. Conflict-of-Interest statement

Conflict of interest exists when an author or the author’s institution, reviewer, or editor has financial or personal relationships that inappropriately influence or bias his or her actions. Such relationships are also known as dual commitments, competing interests, or competing loyalties. These relationships vary from being negligible to having a great potential for influencing judgment. Not all relationships represent true conflict of interest. On the other hand, the potential for conflict of interest can exist regardless of whether an individual believes that the relationship affects his or her scientific judgment. Financial relationships such as employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, and paid expert testimony are the most easily identifiable conflicts of interest and the most likely to undermine the credibility of the journal, the authors, or of the science itself. Conflicts can occur for other reasons as well, such as personal relationships, academic competition, and intellectual passion (http://www.icmje.org/conflicts-of-interest/). If there are any conflicts of interest, authors should disclose them in the manuscript. The conflicts of interest may occur during the research process as well; however, it is important to provide disclosure. If there is a disclosure, editors, reviewers, and reader can approach the manuscript after understanding the situation and the background of the completed research.

7. Process to manage the research and publication misconduct

When it is found that ethics regulations have been violated, the editing committee has the authority to take appropriate actions for rejection. If duplicate publication related to the papers of this journal is detected, the authors will be announced in the journal and their institutes will be informed, and there will also be penalties for the authors.

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